Biospin • Completed Paper

Emerging Robotic Movements

Adaptive movement primitives driven by spin-aligned computation and hybrid bio-electronic control loops.

Gait map and control flow

Movement Primitives

Spin-Gate Sequences

  • Precession pulses generate phase-coded actuation commands.
  • Logic composition (NOR/XOR) yields gait switching and blending.
  • Error-corrected chains maintain stability under perturbations.

MR-Fluid Reconfiguration

  • Field-controlled viscosity routes actuation to local effectors.
  • Real-time retargeting supports agile maneuvers.
  • Energy-minimal routing leverages picojoule budgets.
Gait state map
Gait state map: spin-gate sequences (left) select MR-fluid routes (right) to enact motion.

Energy & Control

Per movement primitive with $N$ gates at energy $E_g$ and duty cycle $d$:

$$ E_{\text{primitive}} \approx N \cdot E_g \cdot d, \qquad P_{\text{active}} \approx \frac{E_{\text{primitive}}}{\Delta t} $$

Spin alignment latency (Larmor): $$ t_{\text{align}} \approx \frac{2\pi}{\gamma B} $$

With picojoule gate budgets and sub-microsecond alignment, long-duration autonomy becomes feasible even under frequent gait switching.

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